Five Dynasties, period of history between the fall of the Tang dynasty (907) and the founding of the Song dynasty (960), when five would-be dynasties were established in quick succession in North China
三更
sān gēng
third of the five night watch periods 23:00-01:00 (old) / midnight / also pr. [san1 jin1]
诗经
Shī jīng
Shijing, the Book of Songs, early collection of Chinese poems and one of the Five Classics of Confucianism 五經|五经[Wu3 jing1]
五谷
wǔ gǔ
five crops, e.g. millet 粟[su4], soybean 豆[dou4], sesame 麻[ma2], barley 麥|麦[mai4], rice 稻[dao4] or other variants / all crops / all grains / oats, peas, beans and barley
嵩山
Sōng Shān
Mt Song in Henan, central mountain of the Five Sacred Mountains 五嶽|五岳[Wu3 yue4]
衡山
Héng Shān
Mt Heng in Hunan, southern mountain of the Five Sacred Mountains 五嶽|五岳[Wu3 yue4] / Hengshan county in Hengyang 衡陽|衡阳[Heng2 yang2], Hunan
Five Sacred Mountains of the Daoists, namely: Mt Tai 泰山[Tai4 Shan1] in Shandong, Mt Hua 華山|华山[Hua4 Shan1] in Shaanxi, Mt Heng 衡山[Heng2 Shan1] in Hunan, Mt Heng 恆山|恒山[Heng2 Shan1] in Shanxi, Mt Song 嵩山[Song1 Shan1] in Henan
海河
Hǎi hé
Hai He (a system of five waterways around Tianjin, flowing into Bohai 渤海 / at Dagukou 大沽口)
五脏
wǔ zàng
five viscera of TCM, namely: heart 心[xin1], liver 肝[gan1], spleen 脾[pi2], lungs 肺[fei4] and kidneys 腎|肾[shen4]
五味
wǔ wèi
the five flavors, namely: sweet 甜, sour 酸, bitter 苦, spicy hot 辣, salty 鹹|咸 / all kinds of flavors
击掌
jī zhǎng
to clap one's hands / to clap each other's hands / high five
son / child / seed / egg / small thing / 1st earthly branch: 11 p.m.-1 a.m., midnight, 11th solar month (7th December to 5th January), year of the Rat / Viscount, fourth of five orders of nobility 五等爵位[wu3 deng3 jue2 wei4] / ancient Chinese compass point: 0° / (north) / subsidiary / subordinate / sub-
fifth of the five night watch periods 03:00-05:00 (old)
恒山
Héng Shān
Mt Heng in Shanxi, northern mountain of the Five Sacred Mountains 五嶽|五岳[Wu3 yue4] / Hengshan district of Jixi city 雞西|鸡西[Ji1 xi1], Heilongjiang
五笔字型
wǔ bǐ zì xíng
five stroke input method for Chinese characters by numbered strokes, invented by Wang Yongmin 王永民 / in 1983
东岳
dōng yuè
Mt Tai 泰山 / in Shandong, one of the Five Sacred Mountains 五嶽|五岳[Wu3 yue4]
五笔输入法
wǔ bǐ shū rù fǎ
five stroke input method for Chinese characters by numbered strokes, invented by Wang Yongmin 王永民 / in 1983
五音
wǔ yīn
five notes of pentatonic scale, roughly do, re, mi, sol, la / five classes of initial consonants of Chinese phonetics, namely: 喉音[hou2 yin1], 牙音[ya2 yin1], 舌音[she2 yin1], 齒音|齿音[chi3 yin1], 唇音[chun2 yin1]
勾践
Gōu Jiàn
King Gou Jian of Yue (c. 470 BC), sometimes considered one of the Five Hegemons 春秋五霸
五香
wǔ xiāng
five spice seasoned / incorporating the five basic flavors of Chinese cooking (sweet, sour, bitter, savory, salty)
五方
wǔ fāng
the five regions: the east, south, west, north and center / all parts / China and the lands beyond its frontiers
the Five Classics of Confucianism, namely: the Book of Songs 詩經|诗经[Shi1 jing1], the Book of History 書經|书经[Shu1 jing1], the Classic of Rites 禮記|礼记[Li3 ji4], the Book of Changes 易經|易经[Yi4 jing1], and the Spring and Autumn Annals 春秋[Chun1 qiu1]
五帝
wǔ dì
the Five Legendary Emperors, usually taken to be the Yellow Emperor 黃帝|黄帝[Huang2 di4], Zhuan Xu 顓頊|颛顼[Zhuan1 Xu1], Di Ku 帝嚳|帝喾[Di4 Ku4], Tang Yao 唐堯|唐尧[Tang2 Yao2] and Yu Shun 虞舜[Yu2 Shun4]
五虎将
Wǔ hǔ jiàng
Liu Bei's five great generals in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, namely: Guan Yu 關羽|关羽, Zhang Fei 張飛|张飞, Zhao Yun 趙雲|赵云, Ma Chao 馬超|马超, Huang Zhong 黃忠|黄忠
惊风
jīng fēng
infantile convulsion (illness affecting children esp. under the age of five, marked by muscular spasms)
后汉
Hòu Hàn
Later Han or Eastern Han dynasty (25-220) / Later Han of the Five Dynasties (947-950)
四更
sì gēng
fourth of the five night watch periods 01:00-03:00 (old)
官能
guān néng
function / capability / sense (i.e. the five senses of sight 視|视, hearing 聽|听, smell 嗅, taste 味 / and touch 觸|触) / faculty (i.e. specific ability)
颛顼
Zhuān Xū
Zhuan Xu, one of the Five Legendary Emperors 五帝[wu3 di4], grandson of the Yellow Emperor 黃帝|黄帝[Huang2 di4], trad. reigned 2513-2435 BC
五蕴
wǔ yùn
the Five Aggregates (from Sanskrit "skandha") (Buddhism)
齐桓公
Qí Huán gōng
Duke Huan of Qi (reigned 685-643 BC), one of the Five Hegemons 春秋五霸
Zhou Enlai's Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence / 1954 Panchsheel series of agreements between PRC and India
旧唐书
Jiù Táng shū
History of the Early Tang Dynasty, sixteenth of the 24 dynastic histories 二十四史[Er4 shi2 si4 Shi3], compiled under Liu Xu 劉昫|刘昫[Liu2 Xu4] in 945 during Later Jin 後晉|后晋[Hou4 Jin4] of the Five Dynasties, 200 scrolls
后唐
Hòu Táng
Later Tang of the Five Dynasties (923-936)
十六国
Shí liù guó
Sixteen Kingdoms of Five non-Han people (ruling most of China 304-439) / also written 五胡十六國|五胡十六国
过五关斩六将
guò wǔ guān zhǎn liù jiàng
lit. to cross five passes and slay six generals (idiom) / fig. to surmount all difficulties (on the way to success)
the five ranges separating Hunan and Jiangxi from south China, esp. Guangdong and Guangxi, namely: Dayu 大庾嶺|大庾岭[Da4 yu3 ling3], Dupang 都龐嶺|都庞岭[Du1 pang2 ling3], Qitian 騎田嶺|骑田岭[Qi2 tian2 ling3], Mengzhu 萌渚嶺|萌渚岭[Meng2 zhu3 ling3] and Yuecheng 越城嶺|越城岭[Yue4 cheng2 ling3]
五霸
Wǔ bà
the Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period 春秋[Chun1 qiu1]
书经
Shū jīng
the Book of History, one of the Five Classics of Confucianism 五經|五经[Wu3 jing1], a compendium of documents which make up the oldest extant texts of Chinese history, from legendary times down to the time of Confucius, also known as 尚書經|尚书经[Shang4 shu1 jing1], 尚書|尚书[Shang4 shu1], 書|书[Shu1]
后梁
Hòu Liáng
Later Liang of the Five Dynasties (907-923)
唐书
Táng shū
same as 舊唐書|旧唐书[Jiu4 Tang2 shu1], History of the Early Tang Dynasty, sixteenth of the 24 dynastic histories 二十四史[Er4 shi2 si4 Shi3], compiled under Liu Xu 劉昫|刘昫[Liu2 Xu4] in 945 during Later Jin 後晉|后晋[Hou4 Jin4] of the Five Dynasties, 200 scrolls
imperial five punishments of feudal China, up to Han times: tattooing characters on the forehead 墨[mo4], cutting off the nose 劓[yi4], amputation of one or both feet 刖[yue4], castration 宮|宫[gong1], execution 大辟[da4 pi4] / Han dynasty onwards: whipping 笞[chi1], beating the legs and buttocks with rough thorns 杖[zhang4], forced labor 徒[tu2], exile or banishment 流[liu2], capital punishment 死[si3]
五伦
wǔ lún
the five Confucian relationships (ruler-subject, father-son, brother-brother, husband-wife, friend-friend)
车裂
chē liè
to tear off a person's four limbs and head using five horse drawn carts (as capital punishment) / to tear limb from limb
王永民
Wáng Yǒng mín
Wang Yongmin (1943-), inventor of the five stroke input method 五筆輸入法|五笔输入法[wu3 bi3 shu1 ru4 fa3]
History of the Five Dynasties, eighteenth of the 24 dynastic histories 二十四史[Er4 shi2 si4 Shi3], compiled under Xue Juzheng 薛居正[Xue1 Ju1 zheng4] in 974 during Northern Song 北宋[Bei3 Song4], 150 scrolls
新五代史
Xīn Wǔ dài shǐ
Later History of the Five Dynasties (between Tang and Song), nineteenth of the 24 dynastic histories 二十四史[Er4 shi2 si4 Shi3], compiled under Ouyang Xiu 歐陽修|欧阳修[Ou1 yang2 Xiu1] in 1053 during Northern Song Dynasty, 74 scrolls
旧五代史
Jiù Wǔ dài shǐ
History of the Five Dynasties (between Tang and Song), eighteenth of the 24 dynastic histories 二十四史[Er4 shi2 si4 Shi3], compiled under Xue Juzheng 薛居正[Xue1 Ju1 zheng4] in 974 during Northern Song 北宋[Bei3 Song4], 150 scrolls
五步蛇
wǔ bù shé
Deinagkistrodon, a venomous pit viper / also called five-paced viper (i.e. can grow to five paces)
three sovereigns 三皇[san1 huang2] and five emperors 五帝[wu3 di4] of myth and legend / the earliest system of Chinese historiography
三纲五常
sān gāng wǔ cháng
three principles and five virtues (idiom) / the three rules (ruler guides subject, father guides son and husband guides wife) and five constant virtues of Confucianism (benevolence 仁, righteousness 義|义, propriety 禮|礼, wisdom 智 / and fidelity 信)
二一添作五
èr yī tiān zuò wǔ
lit. one half equals zero point five (division rule in abacus reckoning) / to share fairly between two parties / to go fifty-fifty
五味俱全
wǔ wèi jù quán
a complete gamut of all five flavors (idiom) / every flavor under the sun
五味俱全
wǔ wèi jū quán
a complete gamut of all five flavors (idiom) / every flavor under the sun
五鬼闹判
wǔ guǐ nào pàn
Five ghosts mock the judge, or Five ghosts resist judgment (title of folk opera, idiom) / important personage mobbed by a crowd of ne'er-do-wells
(TCM) "five strains and seven impairments", five referring to the five viscera 五臟|五脏[wu3 zang4], and seven to adverse effects on one's body as a result of: overeating (spleen), anger (liver), moisture (kidney), cold (lung), worry (heart), wind and rain (outer appearance) and fear (mind)
wǔ
