| 反清 | fǎn Qīng | anti-Qing / refers to the revolutionary movements in late 19th and early 20th century leading up to 1911 Xinhai Revolution 辛亥革命[Xin1 hai4 Ge2 ming4] |  |
| 满清 | Mǎn Qīng | Manchurian Qing (refers to the Qing dynasty, esp. at its decline, or as an anti-Qing slogan) | |
| 秋瑾 | qiū jǐn | Qiu Jin (1875-1907), famous female martyr of the anti-Qing revolution, the subject of several books and films | |
| 邹容 | Zōu Róng | Zou Rong (1885-1905), a martyr of the anti-Qing revolution, died in jail in 1905 | |
| 会党 | huì dǎng | anti-Qing secret societies | |
| 陈天华 | Chén Tiān huà | Chen Tianhua (1875-1905), anti-Qing revolutionary from Hunan, drowned himself in Japan in 1905 | |
| 光复会 | guāng fù huì | anti-Qing revolutionary party set up in 1904 under Cai Yuanpei 蔡元培 / same as 復古會|复古会 | |
| 小刀会 | Xiǎo dāo huì | Dagger Society, anti-Qing secret society who mounted an unsuccessful rebellion in 1855 | |
| 复古会 | fù gǔ huì | anti-Qing revolutionary party set up in 1904 under Cai Yuanpei 蔡元培 / same as 光復會|光复会 | |
| 熊成基 | Xióng Chéng jī | Xiong Chengji (1887-1910), anti-Qing revolutionary and martyr | |
| 华兴会 | Huá xīng huì | anti-Qing revolutionary party set up in Changsha by 黃興|黄兴[Huang2 Xing1] in 1904, a precursor of Sun Yat-sen's Alliance for Democracy 同盟會|同盟会[Tong2 meng2 hui4] and of the Guomindang | |
