(of taste) hot or pungent / hard / laborious / suffering / eighth in order / eighth of the ten Heavenly Stems 十天干[shi2 tian1 gan1] / letter "H" or Roman "VIII" in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etc / ancient Chinese compass point: 285° / octa
to damage the country and cause suffering to the people (idiom)
人无远虑，必有近忧
rén wú yuǎn lu:4 , bì yǒu jìn yōu
He who gives no thought to far-flung problems soon finds suffering nearby (idiom, from Analects). / Smug concentration on the here and now will lead to future sorrow.
今昔对比
jīn xī duì bǐ
to contrast past suffering with present happiness (idiom)
哑巴吃黄连，有苦说不出
yǎ ba chī huáng lián , yǒu kǔ shuō bu chū
to be forced to suffer in silence (idiom) / unable to speak of one's bitter suffering / sometimes written 啞子吃黃連，有苦說不出|哑子吃黄连，有苦说不出
四谛
sì dì
the Four Noble Truths (Budd.), covered by the acronym 苦集滅道|苦集灭道[ku3 ji2 mie4 dao4]: all life is suffering 苦[ku3], the cause of suffering is desire 集[ji2], emancipation comes only by eliminating passions 滅|灭[mie4], the way 道[dao4] to emancipation is the Eight-fold Noble Way 八正道[ba1 zheng4 dao4]
实女
shí nu:3
female suffering absence or atresia of vagina (as birth defect)
患病者
huàn bìng zhě
person suffering (from a disease or poisoning) / a patient
to escape from the abyss of suffering / to shed off a wretched plight
苦海无边，回头是岸
kǔ hǎi wú biān , huí tóu shì àn
The sea of bitterness has no bounds, turn your head to see the shore (idiom). Only Buddhist enlightenment can allow one to shed off the abyss of worldly suffering. / Repent and ye shall be saved!
苦集灭道
kǔ jí miè dào
the Four Noble Truths (Budd.), namely: all life is suffering 苦[ku3], the cause of suffering is desire 集[ji2], emancipation comes only by eliminating passions 滅|灭[mie4], the way 道[dao4] to emancipation is the Eight-fold Noble Way 八正道[ba1 zheng4 dao4] / also called 四諦|四谛[si4 di4]
to abandon suffering and obtain happiness (Buddhism)
殷忧启圣
yīn yōu qǐ shèng
deep suffering can lead to enlightenment (idiom) / storms make oaks take deeper root
早死早超生
zǎo sǐ zǎo chāo shēng
to end one's suffering by dying quickly and being reincarnated / (fig.) to get it over with
雚菌
huán jūn
a type of poisonous fungus that grows on reeds, used in Chinese medicine to help cure patients suffering from ascaris (parasitic worms)
瘦死的骆驼比马大
shòu sǐ de luò tuo bǐ mǎ dà
lit. even a scrawny camel is bigger than a horse (idiom) / fig. even after suffering a loss, a rich person is still better off than ordinary people / a cultured person may come down in the world, but he is still superior to the common people
chǔ